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Analytical Chemistry MCQs for MDCAT Practice

Chemistry section, Analytical Chemistry chapter. Up to eight free sample questions, each with the correct answer and a worked explanation. The full chapter opens in the app.

The bank has 292 active questions on this chapter. Your first 500 practice attempts are free, and every attempt includes a worked explanation.

  1. Question 1
    An infrared spectrum shows an absorption band in the range of 1680-1750 cm−1 and produces a very broad trough in the range of 2500-3300 cm−1. Which of the following sets of groups is indicated by these two ranges?
    • Option A (correct answer)
    • Option B
    • Option C
    • Option D
    Correct answer: A
    IR spectroscopy identifies functional groups: a carbonyl (C=O) around 1700 cm⁻¹ and a broad O-H stretch (carboxylic acid) from 2500-3300 cm⁻¹.
  2. Question 2
    Which of the following methods is used to separate small molecules from larger molecules by diffusion through a membrane?
    • Dialysis (correct answer)
    • Chromatography
    • HPLC
    • FPLC
    Correct answer: A
    Dialysis separates molecules based on size using a semipermeable membrane, allowing small molecules to diffuse while retaining large ones.
  3. Question 3
    Which of the following methods, relatively gives more information about the structure of an organic compound:
    • Mass Spectroscopy
    • NMR Spectroscopy (correct answer)
    • IR Spectroscopy
    • U.V Visible Spectroscopy
    Correct answer: B
    NMR spectroscopy provides the most comprehensive structural information for organic compounds among the given spectroscopic techniques.
  4. Question 4
    The given test tube contains the following reagents.Original salt solution + NH4Cl (s) + NH4OH(aq) + (NH4 )2CO3(s)If precipitation does NOT occur, then the next reagent that should be added to this reaction mixture is
    • H2S(g)
    • HCl (aq)
    • NaOH(aq)
    • (NH4)2HPO4(s) (correct answer)
    Correct answer: D
    Confirmatory tests for cations rely on specific precipitating agents; here, adding phosphate is key for Group II cation precipitation after initial group separation.
  5. Question 5
    Which of the following allows charge transfer through the solution but prevents mixing of the solution?
    • Anode
    • Cathode
    • Salt bridge (correct answer)
    • Electrode cell
    Correct answer: C
    A salt bridge in electrochemistry maintains electrical neutrality in half-cells by allowing ion flow while preventing bulk solution mixing.
  6. Question 6
    White sodium salt dissolves readily in water to give a solution which is neutral to litmus test. When silver nitrate solution is added to the aforementioned solution, a white precipitate is obtained which does not dissolve in dilute nitric acid. The anion can be:
    • CO32-
    • SO42-
    • Cl- (correct answer)
    • S2-
    Correct answer: C
    Test your knowledge of qualitative analysis for halide ions using silver nitrate and nitric acid, a common MDCAT topic.
  7. Question 7
    The sample characteristics affecting the weight loss curve include
    • Amount of sample
    • Solubility of evolved gases in the sample
    • Sample particle size
    • All above (correct answer)
    Correct answer: D
    Weight loss curves in thermal analysis are influenced by sample amount, evolved gas solubility, and particle size, all of which affect decomposition kinetics and mass transfer.
  8. Question 8
    Temperatures up to about __oC can be reached with muffle furnaces?
    • 300
    • 800
    • 1000
    • 1200 (correct answer)
    Correct answer: D
    Muffle furnaces are crucial lab tools for high-temperature applications, capable of reaching temperatures around 1200°C for various analytical procedures.

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Read the full Analytical Chemistry chapter notes: Analytical Chemistry notes. Or browse every chapter.