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Probability and Statistics MCQs for MDCAT Practice

Math Reasoning section, Probability and Statistics chapter. Up to eight free sample questions, each with the correct answer and a worked explanation. The full chapter opens in the app.

The bank has 600 active questions on this chapter. Your first 500 practice attempts are free, and every attempt includes a worked explanation.

  1. Question 1
    Probability of drawing a face card (J, Q, K) from one suit?
    • 3/13 (correct answer)
    • 1/13
    • 4/13
    • 1/4
    Correct answer: A
    Tests understanding of basic probability and card deck composition, specifically focusing on face cards within a single suit.
  2. Question 2
    A number is chosen at random from 1 to 50. What is P(even number)?
    • 25/50
    • 1/2
    • 0.5
    • All of the above (correct answer)
    Correct answer: D
    Understanding probability requires recognizing that different representations of the same value (fraction, decimal, percentage) are equally valid answers.
  3. Question 3
    Which value is valid for a probability?
    • 1.5
    • -1
    • 0.75 (correct answer)
    • -0.3
    Correct answer: C
    Probabilities must be between 0 and 1, inclusive. This question tests understanding of the fundamental range of probability values.
  4. Question 4
    A batsman scores 40, 50, 60, and 70 in four matches. The mode of these scores is:
    • 40
    • 50
    • 60
    • None (correct answer)
    Correct answer: D
    The mode represents the most frequent score in a dataset. If no score repeats, there is no mode.
  5. Question 5
    The complement of a set A is denoted as:
    • A*
    • ~A
    • A′ (correct answer)
    • A¯
    Correct answer: C
    Master set notation: A' is the universal symbol for the complement of set A, representing all elements NOT in A.
  6. Question 6
    A set that contains no element is known as:
    • Singleton set
    • Power set
    • Null set (correct answer)
    • Subset
    Correct answer: C
    This question tests foundational knowledge of set theory, specifically identifying the term for a set devoid of any elements.
  7. Question 7
    The total number of elements in A ∪ B is given by:
    • n(A) + n(B)
    • n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B) (correct answer)
    • n(A) × n(B)
    • n(A) − n(B)
    Correct answer: B
    The Inclusion-Exclusion Principle is key to correctly calculating the total elements in the union of two sets, accounting for overlaps.
  8. Question 8
    A park has five entrances. Hira wants to enter the park through one entrance and leave the park through another entrance. How many ways are there in which she can enter and leave the park?
    • 15
    • 16
    • 20 (correct answer)
    • 25
    Correct answer: C
    This question assesses the application of the fundamental principle of counting for sequential, dependent events, commonly known as the multiplication principle in permutations and combinations.

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Read the full Probability and Statistics chapter notes: Probability and Statistics notes. Or browse every chapter.